@Leif-Orion You're absolutely correct that comparing EQQQ and QQQM really boils down to weighing the ongoing fees against the potential nightmare of estate tax exposure.

But I think the key takeaway is this:

For non-U.S. investors, UCITS ETFs like EQQQ can significantly reduce that estate tax risk, which often outweighs the slightly higher expense ratio over the long run.

However, if estate taxes aren't a concern for you, then QQQM's lower fees and similar Nasdaq-100 exposure make it the clear, more cost-efficient long-term choice — plain and simple.